AI by AI Weekly Top 5 · The 2025 Collection

November 2025

Capability, Infrastructure

Edited from five posts published in November 2025, covering October 27–November 30.

Introduction

November 2025

Major events

November brought a new generation of frontier models in quick succession. OpenAI released GPT-5.1 and then GPT-5.1-Codex-Max for long coding tasks; xAI released Grok 4.1; Google launched Gemini 3 Pro across its products together with Antigravity, a workspace for supervising coding agents; and Anthropic closed the month with Claude Opus 4.5 at a third of the previous Opus price. Open models kept pace: Moonshot’s Kimi K2 Thinking, Ai2’s fully documented Olmo 3, and Meta’s speech recognition for more than 1,600 languages.

The money behind these models reached new scales. Nvidia became the first company worth $5 trillion and reported $57 billion in quarterly revenue. OpenAI signed a $38 billion computing agreement with AWS; Anthropic announced $50 billion for data centers and a $30 billion Azure commitment alongside investment from Microsoft and Nvidia; Meta pledged $600 billion for US infrastructure; and Amazon planned up to $50 billion for government computing.

Patterns and trends

Governments decided where the hardware could go: the United States licensed advanced Nvidia GPUs for Microsoft’s data centers in the UAE, and China was reported to bar foreign AI chips from state-funded data centers. Washington also set out a national program for AI-assisted science in the Genesis Mission, revised its patent guidance on AI-assisted inventions, and saw a bipartisan bill propose higher penalties for fraud using AI. Research looked inside the models and at their misuse: Anthropic tested whether Claude could notice changes to its own internal states and reported an espionage campaign it attributed to a Chinese state-sponsored group, OpenAI made some computations inspectable with sparse networks, and researchers showed that requests written as poems could slip past safety filters.

Long-term threads

November gathered up threads that ran through the year. Nvidia, which lost about $590 billion of market value in a day in January, was now worth $5 trillion. The $500 billion Stargate plan of January had become one of many commitments of tens or hundreds of billions of dollars. The action plan President Trump ordered in January, published in July, led to the Genesis Mission. The impersonation of Marco Rubio reported in July was cited in the fraud bill. And the frontier cycle turned a third time: Claude 3.7, GPT-4.5 and Gemini 2.5 in February and March, Claude 4 and GPT-5 between May and August, and now GPT-5.1, Gemini 3 and Claude Opus 4.5. December will close the year.

Week 44

October 27–November 2

Original post published November 2, 2025

Qualcomm announces accelerators for data center inference

Qualcomm announced AI200 and AI250 accelerator cards and racks for running AI models in data centers, with commercial availability planned for 2026 and 2027 respectively. A related agreement with HUMAIN targeted 200 megawatts of Qualcomm-based infrastructure in Saudi Arabia, starting in 2026.1,2

The roadmap took the company best known for smartphone chips into rack-scale inference, the part of the market where models are run rather than trained.

Selected by Grok (Expert mode)
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L6-2

Argonne plans two new AI supercomputers

The US Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, Nvidia and Oracle announced plans for two systems at Argonne. Solstice would use 100,000 Nvidia Blackwell GPUs; Equinox would use 10,000 and was expected in 2026. Oracle would also provide immediate access to existing AI computing resources.3

The agreement paired near-term cloud access for researchers with the construction of dedicated scientific machines.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L4-1

NVQLink connects quantum processors to GPU supercomputers

At its GTC conference in Washington, D.C., Nvidia introduced NVQLink, an open system architecture for coupling GPU computing with quantum processors. It supported 17 quantum-processor builders, five controller builders and nine US national laboratories, and was programmed through Nvidia’s CUDA-Q platform.4

The link targeted quantum error correction, which needs fast classical computation alongside error-prone qubits; Jensen Huang called it “the Rosetta Stone connecting quantum and classical supercomputers.”

Selected by Grok (Expert mode)
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L6-1

Experiments test whether models can detect internal changes

Anthropic tested whether Claude models could identify concepts injected into their internal activations. Under its best injection protocol, Claude Opus 4.1 recognized such changes about 20 percent of the time. Detection depended on injection strength, and failures included confusion and incorrect reports.5

The experiments gave limited, unreliable evidence that the reports of the most advanced Claude models about themselves can sometimes reflect their internal states.

Selected by Grok (Expert mode)
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L6-3

Nvidia becomes the first $5 trillion company

Nvidia’s market value passed $5 trillion in morning trading, about four months after it first crossed $4 trillion. The rise followed new chip-supply partnerships announced by Jensen Huang, his statement that the company’s latest chips were on track for half a trillion dollars in revenue, and hopes for US–China talks on chip exports.6

The valuation put a single supplier of AI hardware at the center of the market’s expectations for the technology.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L1-1

Universal Music and Stability AI plan music-creation tools

Universal Music Group and Stability AI announced a collaboration to develop professional music-creation tools. The companies planned to involve artists, producers and songwriters in design and testing, with the stated aim of producing tools based on licensed training data.7

The agreement brought one of the largest rights holders into the development of AI tools for musicians.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L1-3

Aardvark enters private testing for software security

OpenAI introduced Aardvark, a GPT-5-based security agent, in private beta. It examined code repositories and changes, tested suspected vulnerabilities in an isolated environment, and proposed patches through Codex for human review.8

The workflow connected finding a possible defect with testing whether it could be exploited and preparing a repair, with an engineer reviewing each proposed change.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W44-L1-5
Week 45

November 3–9

Original post published November 9, 2025

OpenAI signs a $38 billion AWS computing agreement

Amazon Web Services and OpenAI announced a $38 billion agreement extending over seven years. OpenAI would begin using AWS computing resources immediately, with the planned capacity targeted for deployment by the end of 2026. The infrastructure would support both model training and inference.9

The agreement added another major supplier to OpenAI’s computing arrangements, which had previously centered on Microsoft.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro and Copilot Smart · Claude Sonnet 4.5 · Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L1-1, 2025-W45-L2-4, 2025-W45-L4-3

Microsoft gains licenses to ship advanced Nvidia chips to the UAE

Microsoft said it had secured US export licenses in September to ship the equivalent of 60,400 A100 chips, in the form of Nvidia’s more advanced GB300 GPUs, to its data centers in the United Arab Emirates; shipments were expected within months. Brad Smith also set out $15.2 billion in Microsoft investment in the UAE from 2023 through 2029, most of it for AI data centers.10

The licenses showed how far access to frontier chips now ran through government approval.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro and Copilot Smart
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L1-5

Apple is reported to near a deal to use Gemini for Siri

Bloomberg reported that Apple was finalizing an arrangement to pay Google about $1 billion a year for a custom 1.2-trillion-parameter Gemini model. The model would handle Siri’s summarization and planning functions and run on Apple’s own Private Cloud Compute servers, in a revamp planned for 2026.11

The report described Apple turning to a competitor’s model to rebuild its assistant.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro and Copilot Smart
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L1-2

China is reported to bar foreign AI chips from state-funded data centers

Reuters reported, citing two sources, that Chinese regulators had told new data center projects receiving state funds to use only domestically made AI chips. Projects less than 30 percent complete were reportedly told to remove foreign chips or cancel planned purchases; those near completion would be reviewed case by case. The guidance had not been publicly announced.12

As reported, the rule would close much of China’s data center market to Nvidia, AMD and Intel and steer demand to Chinese chipmakers.

Selected by Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L4-4

Kimi K2 Thinking combines reasoning with tool use

Moonshot AI released Kimi K2 Thinking with downloadable weights and a modified MIT license. The mixture-of-experts model used one trillion total parameters, activating 32 billion per token. It combined extended reasoning with tool calls and supported a 256,000-token context window.13,14

The release gave developers a large reasoning model they could host and adapt themselves, with Moonshot’s published results emphasizing agentic search and coding tasks.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L2-1

Google prepares Ironwood TPUs for general availability

Google said Ironwood, its seventh-generation Tensor Processing Unit, would be generally available in the coming weeks. It reported more than four times the per-chip performance of its predecessor, Trillium, for both training and inference, and superpods of up to 9,216 chips sharing 1.77 petabytes of high-bandwidth memory. New Arm-based Axion virtual machines entered preview.15

Anthropic, which planned to use up to one million TPUs, was named among the customers, giving Google’s in-house chips a prominent outside buyer.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro and Copilot Smart
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L1-3

Perplexity agrees to pay Snap $400 million for search in Snapchat

Announced just after Snap’s third-quarter results, the agreement had Perplexity paying Snap $400 million in cash and equity to provide AI search inside Snapchat’s chat interface, beginning in early 2026.16

The deal reversed the usual direction of payment: an AI company paid a social platform for access to its users.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L2-HM2

OpenAI publishes a framework for teen safety

OpenAI published its Teen Safety Blueprint, proposing age-appropriate design, product safeguards, and continuing research and evaluation. The announcement referred to parental controls already introduced and an age-prediction system still under development.17

The document set out a provider’s proposed principles for protecting younger users, as companion chatbots and teenage use drew scrutiny from regulators.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L2-2

Meta pledges $600 billion for US infrastructure

Meta said it would invest $600 billion in the United States over three years as part of its AI push, including new AI data centers, supporting infrastructure such as transmission lines, and workforce expansion. The pledge followed recent financing for its Hyperion campus in Louisiana.18

The figure placed Meta among the largest planned spenders on AI computing in the country.

Selected by Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W45-L4-5
Week 46

November 10–16

Original post published November 16, 2025

Meta expands speech recognition to more than 1,600 languages

Meta released Omnilingual ASR, a family of open speech-recognition models covering more than 1,600 languages. It also released a corpus of transcribed speech in 350 underserved languages and tools intended to help communities extend coverage using their own recordings.19

The release widened the range of languages available for transcription research and applications, including hundreds never before supported.

Selected by GPT-5.1 · Gemini 2.5 Pro · Grok Expert · DeepSeek-V3.2

Johns Hopkins announces two cancer AI research projects

Johns Hopkins researchers announced two projects within the Cancer AI Alliance. One adapted a language model to structured health records to study patient trajectories. The other used data from multiple centers to investigate rare brain cancers. The alliance’s federated approach allowed participating institutions to keep their data locally.20

The projects addressed both research questions and the practical difficulty of working across hospitals that cannot pool patient data.

Selected by GPT-5.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L1-2

Yann LeCun is reported to plan a departure from Meta

The Financial Times reported that Yann LeCun, Meta’s chief AI scientist and founder of its FAIR research lab, had told colleagues he planned to leave within months to start a company building “world models” that learn from video and spatial data.21

The report came months after Meta reorganized its AI work under Superintelligence Labs and shifted its emphasis toward rapid product development.

Selected by GPT-5.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L1-5

GPT-5.1 updates reasoning and conversational controls

OpenAI began rolling out GPT-5.1 Instant and Thinking in ChatGPT, starting with paid users. Instant gained adaptive reasoning, while Thinking varied its reasoning time more closely with task difficulty. The release also expanded controls over response tone and style.22

The update treated communication and response timing as parts of model usability, reserving more reasoning for difficult tasks.

Selected by GPT-5.1 · Gemini 2.5 Pro · Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L1-1, 2025-W46-L3-5, 2025-W46-L4-2

Anthropic plans $50 billion in US computing infrastructure

Anthropic announced a $50 billion investment program for American computing infrastructure, including data centers built with Fluidstack in Texas and New York. The company said sites would begin coming online during 2026, with further locations planned.23

The program tied Anthropic’s future model development to construction and power supply in the United States.

Selected by Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L4-5

Nvidia sweeps MLPerf Training v5.1

Nvidia reported the fastest time to train on all seven tests in the MLPerf Training v5.1 benchmarks, and was the only company to submit results on every test. Its GB300 NVL72 system, based on Blackwell Ultra, made its debut, and Nvidia reported a 10-minute time to the training target on the Llama 3.1 405B benchmark, using more than 5,000 Blackwell GPUs and FP4 precision for the first time in the benchmark’s history.24

The results gave an industry-standard measure of how quickly the newest systems could train large models.

Selected by Grok Expert
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L4-4

Sparse networks make some model computations easier to inspect

OpenAI reported experiments with language models trained so that most connections had zero weight. For simple tasks, researchers could isolate small circuits that still performed the required computation, such as matching opening and closing quotation marks in code.25

The work explored designing small experimental models for interpretability from the start, as a possible route toward understanding larger ones.

Selected by GPT-5.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L1-7

Anthropic reports misuse of Claude Code in an espionage campaign

Anthropic reported detecting an espionage campaign in September that used Claude Code to attempt intrusions into roughly 30 organizations. The company said a small number succeeded, and that it banned accounts and notified affected parties. It attributed the campaign to a Chinese state-sponsored group.26

According to Anthropic’s investigation, the attackers used an AI agent to carry out most of the operation’s steps, with people intervening at a few decision points.

Selected by DeepSeek-V3.2
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L5-1

AI helps simulate the Milky Way star by star

Researchers led by Keiya Hirashima at RIKEN, with the University of Tokyo and Universitat de Barcelona, simulated a model of the Milky Way with more than 100 billion individual stars. A deep-learning model trained on high-resolution supernova simulations predicted how gas spreads after each explosion; simulating one million years took 2.78 hours, against an estimated 315 hours by conventional methods. The work was to be presented at the SC ’25 supercomputing conference, held November 16–21.27

The surrogate let a physics simulation skip its most expensive small-scale calculations.

Selected by Gemini 2.5 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W46-L3-1
Week 47

November 17–23

Original post published November 23, 2025

Grok 4.1 emphasizes conversational behavior

xAI released Grok 4.1 across its web and mobile services after a limited rollout earlier in November. The company emphasized conversational style, creative writing and responses to emotional context, alongside work to reduce factual errors.28

The release made interaction quality a prominent part of model competition, measured through preference and role-play evaluations.

Selected by Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L3-1

Gemini 3 Pro enters preview across Google products

Google introduced Gemini 3 Pro in preview, bringing it to the Gemini app, developer platforms and selected Search experiences on the day of release. The model combined reasoning, multimodal input and coding capabilities. An enhanced Deep Think mode was being evaluated by safety testers before release to Ultra subscribers.29

The launch connected a new model generation to several of Google’s established products at once.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-1

Antigravity brings coding agents into a shared workspace

Google introduced Antigravity in public preview for macOS, Windows and Linux. The development environment combined a code editor with a separate view for managing agents. Agents could work through the editor, terminal and browser, producing plans, screenshots and walkthroughs for users to inspect.30

The design shifted attention from individual code suggestions to supervising tasks, giving developers work products to check and comment on.

Selected by GPT-5.1 · Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L2-4, 2025-W47-L4-1

Anthropic expands its Microsoft and Nvidia partnerships

Anthropic committed to purchase $30 billion of Azure computing capacity, with additional capacity arrangements planned. Nvidia and Microsoft committed to invest up to $10 billion and $5 billion respectively in Anthropic. Claude models became available in Microsoft Foundry, and Microsoft committed to continuing access across its Copilot family.31

The agreements linked investment, computing supply and model distribution, and made Claude available on all three major US cloud platforms.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro · GPT-5.1 · Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-2, 2025-W47-L2-2, 2025-W47-L6-1

Codex-Max is designed for longer software tasks

OpenAI released GPT-5.1-Codex-Max in Codex. The coding model was trained to continue work across multiple context windows using compaction, which retained relevant information as a task progressed. It was available through Codex’s command-line, editor, cloud and code-review interfaces; API access was planned.32

The release addressed continuity during extended software work, letting a single task outlast one context window.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro · GPT-5.1 · Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-5, 2025-W47-L2-1, 2025-W47-L5-1

OpenAI offers a free ChatGPT for US teachers

OpenAI introduced ChatGPT for Teachers, free for verified US K–12 educators through June 2027. The workspace offered GPT-5.1, search, file uploads and connections to Canva, Google Drive and Microsoft 365, with administrator controls for schools and districts. Content shared in it was not used to train models by default.33

The offer targeted classroom preparation and school administration, with privacy terms intended to support compliance with student-records law.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-3

Nvidia reports $57 billion in quarterly revenue

Nvidia reported record revenue of $57.0 billion for its third fiscal quarter, up 62 percent from a year earlier, including $51.2 billion from its data center business. It forecast about $65 billion for the next quarter. “Blackwell sales are off the charts, and cloud GPUs are sold out,” Jensen Huang said.34

The results arrived amid debate over whether spending on AI infrastructure could be sustained.

Selected by Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L7-1

Olmo 3 opens more of the model-development process

Ai2 released Olmo 3, a family of models with seven-billion and 32-billion-parameter versions. Alongside weights, the project published training data, code, intermediate checkpoints and evaluation resources, allowing researchers to inspect stages of model development.35

The release treated openness as access to a process as well as a finished model, making it easier to study how training choices shape behavior.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-4

OpenAI and Foxconn plan US AI hardware manufacturing

OpenAI and Foxconn announced work on AI data center hardware design and US manufacturing readiness. Plans covered racks and components for cabling, networking, cooling and power. The initial agreement carried no purchase commitments or financial obligations; OpenAI would have early evaluation access and an option to buy.36

The collaboration addressed the equipment needed to turn computing plans into operating facilities.

Selected by Gemini 3 Pro · GPT-5.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W47-L1-3, 2025-W47-L2-3
Week 48

November 24–30

Original post published November 30, 2025

Claude Opus 4.5 targets coding and sustained agent work

Anthropic released Claude Opus 4.5 through its applications, API and major cloud platforms. The company emphasized coding, computer use and longer-running agent tasks. Standard API pricing was $5 per million input tokens and $25 per million output tokens.37

The release combined a new model with a lower price for Opus-level access, about a third of the previous Opus rate.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5 · Grok 4.1 · Gemini 3 Thinking
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L1-1, 2025-W48-L3-3, 2025-W48-L4-2

Genesis Mission sets a national program for AI-assisted science

President Donald Trump signed an executive order establishing the Genesis Mission. It directed the Department of Energy to develop an integrated platform connecting scientific computing, appropriate datasets, AI models and experimental tools. The program aimed to support hypothesis testing and automate parts of research workflows.38

The order framed AI for science as an institutional program involving national laboratories, infrastructure, data access and coordination.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5 · Grok 4.1 · Gemini 3 Thinking
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L1-2, 2025-W48-L3-1, 2025-W48-L4-3

AWS plans up to $50 billion for government computing

Amazon announced plans to invest up to $50 billion in AI and high-performance computing infrastructure for US government customers. Construction was due to begin in 2026. The program aimed to add nearly 1.3 gigawatts of capacity across AWS government regions with different security classifications.39

The plan expanded the infrastructure available for public-sector computing, including work at the Top Secret and Secret levels.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5 · Grok 4.1
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L1-4, 2025-W48-L3-4

A bill would raise penalties for AI-assisted fraud

Representatives Ted Lieu and Neal Dunn introduced the bipartisan AI Fraud Deterrence Act, which would increase the maximum penalties for various kinds of fraud committed with the help of AI, including impersonation of federal officials. Their announcement cited reported AI impersonations of Secretary of State Marco Rubio and White House Chief of Staff Susie Wiles.40

The proposal addressed AI by raising the stakes for existing fraud offenses.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L1-5

USPTO revises guidance on AI-assisted inventions

The US Patent and Trademark Office announced revised inventorship guidance, replacing its February 2024 guidance. It reaffirmed that only natural persons can be inventors and that the same inventorship standard applies whether or not AI is used. AI systems were treated as tools assisting human inventors.41,42

The revision applied the ordinary inventorship test to AI-assisted work, withdrawing the separate framework issued in 2024.

Selected by Claude Sonnet 4.5
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L1-3

Poetic prompts expose a weakness in safety testing

The Guardian reported research from Icaro Lab, part of the Italian company DexAI, with Sapienza University of Rome and Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies. Harmful requests written as verse bypassed safeguards in tests across 25 models from nine providers: 20 handcrafted poems averaged a 62 percent success rate, and 1,200 prose prompts converted to verse raised the average from 8 percent to 43 percent. Outputs were judged by three models, with human review.43,44

The study asked whether safeguards survive a change in literary form, and found that style alone could shift a model’s response.

Selected by Gemini 3 Thinking
In the historical edition: 2025-W48-L4-5
References

Source notes

Sources checked October 26, 2026. Dates distinguish announcements, reports and later updates.

  1. 1
    Qualcomm. Qualcomm Unveils AI200 and AI250—Redefining Rack-Scale Data Center Inference Performance for the AI Era. Company page dated October 28, 2025.www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2025/10/qualcomm-unveils-ai200-and-ai250-redefining-rack-scale-data-cent
  2. 2
    Qualcomm. HUMAIN and QUALCOMM to deploy AI Infrastructure in Saudi Arabia For Global Inferencing. October 27, 2025.www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2025/10/humain-and-qualcomm-to-deploy-ai-infrastructure-in-saudi-arabia-
  3. 3
    US Department of Energy. Energy Department Announces New Partnership with NVIDIA and Oracle to Build Largest DOE AI Supercomputer. October 28, 2025.www.energy.gov/articles/energy-department-announces-new-partnership-nvidia-and-oracle-build-largest-doe-ai
  4. 5
    Anthropic. Signs of introspection in large language models. October 29, 2025.www.anthropic.com/research/introspection
  5. 6
    Bloomberg News, via Advisor Perspectives. Nvidia Becomes First $5 Trillion Firm as AI Rally Picks Up Steam. October 29, 2025.www.advisorperspectives.com/articles/2025/10/29/nvidia-first-5-trillion-firm-ai-rally-picks-up
  6. 7
    Universal Music Group. Universal Music Group and Stability AI Announce Strategic Alliance to Co-Develop Professional AI Music Creation Tools. October 30, 2025.www.universalmusic.com/universal-music-group-and-stability-ai-announce-strategic-alliance-to-co-develop-professional-ai-music-creation-tools/
  7. 8
    OpenAI. Introducing Aardvark: OpenAI’s agentic security researcher. October 30, 2025; live page includes a March 2026 update.openai.com/index/introducing-aardvark/
  8. 9
    Amazon. AWS and OpenAI announce multi-year strategic partnership. November 3, 2025.www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-open-ai-workloads-compute-infrastructure
  9. 10
    Reuters, via Business Standard. Microsoft plans $15 bn UAE investment, secures US Nvidia chip licence. November 3, 2025.www.business-standard.com/world-news/microsoft-plans-15-bn-uae-investment-secures-us-nvidia-chip-licence-125110301402_1.html
  10. 11
    AppleInsider. Apple considers paying $1B per year to use Google Gemini in Siri. November 5, 2025.appleinsider.com/articles/25/11/05/apple-considers-paying-1b-per-year-to-use-google-gemini-in-siri
  11. 12
    eWeek, citing Reuters. China Blocks Foreign AI Chips in State Data Centers. November 6, 2025 (Reuters report of November 5).www.eweek.com/news/china-blocks-foreign-ai-chips/
  12. 13
    Moonshot AI. Kimi-K2-Thinking model card. November 2025 release.huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K2-Thinking
  13. 14
    Moonshot AI. Kimi CLI changelog: version 0.48 adds Kimi K2 thinking mode. November 6, 2025 entry.github.com/MoonshotAI/kimi-cli/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
  14. 15
    Google Cloud. Announcing Ironwood TPUs General Availability and new Axion VMs to power the age of inference. November 6, 2025.cloud.google.com/blog/products/compute/ironwood-tpus-and-new-axion-based-vms-for-your-ai-workloads/
  15. 16
    TechRepublic. Snap Strikes $400M Deal with Perplexity. November 6, 2025.www.techrepublic.com/article/news-snap-perplexity-400m-deal/
  16. 17
    OpenAI. Introducing the Teen Safety Blueprint. November 6, 2025.openai.com/index/introducing-the-teen-safety-blueprint/
  17. 18
    SiliconANGLE. Meta announces plans to spend $600B in the US over three years. November 7, 2025.siliconangle.com/2025/11/07/meta-announces-plans-spend-600b-us-three-years/
  18. 19
    Meta. Omnilingual ASR: Advancing Automatic Speech Recognition for 1,600+ Languages. November 10, 2025.ai.meta.com/blog/omnilingual-asr-advancing-automatic-speech-recognition/
  19. 20
    Johns Hopkins Medicine. Johns Hopkins Researchers Launch Projects Under the Cancer AI Alliance. November 10, 2025.www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/2025/11/johns-hopkins-researchers-launch-projects-under-the-cancer-ai-alliance
  20. 21
    Fortune. Who is Yann LeCun, Meta’s chief AI scientist. November 11, 2025 (citing the Financial Times).fortune.com/2025/11/11/who-is-yann-lecun-career-meta-ai-chief-scientist-nyu-turing/
  21. 22
    OpenAI. GPT-5.1: A smarter, more conversational ChatGPT. November 12, 2025.openai.com/index/gpt-5-1/
  22. 23
    Anthropic. Anthropic invests $50 billion in American AI infrastructure. November 12, 2025.www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-invests-50-billion-in-american-ai-infrastructure
  23. 24
    Nvidia. NVIDIA Wins Every MLPerf Training v5.1 Benchmark. November 12, 2025.blogs.nvidia.com/blog/mlperf-training-benchmark-blackwell-ultra/
  24. 25
    OpenAI. Understanding neural networks through sparse circuits. November 13, 2025.openai.com/index/understanding-neural-networks-through-sparse-circuits/
  25. 26
    Anthropic. Disrupting the first reported AI-orchestrated cyber espionage campaign. November 13, 2025; edited November 14.www.anthropic.com/news/disrupting-AI-espionage
  26. 27
    ScienceDaily, from RIKEN. AI creates the first 100-billion-star Milky Way simulation. November 16, 2025.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251116105515.htm
  27. 28
    xAI. Grok 4.1. November 17, 2025.x.ai/news/grok-4-1
  28. 29
    Google. A new era of intelligence with Gemini 3. November 18, 2025.blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/gemini/gemini-3/
  29. 30
    Google Antigravity Team. Introducing Google Antigravity, a new era in AI-assisted software development. November 18, 2025.antigravity.google/blog/introducing-google-antigravity/
  30. 31
    Microsoft. Microsoft, NVIDIA and Anthropic announce strategic partnerships. November 18, 2025.blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2025/11/18/microsoft-nvidia-and-anthropic-announce-strategic-partnerships/
  31. 32
    OpenAI. Building more with GPT-5.1-Codex-Max. November 19, 2025.openai.com/index/gpt-5-1-codex-max/
  32. 33
    OpenAI. ChatGPT for Teachers. November 19, 2025.openai.com/index/chatgpt-for-teachers/
  33. 34
    Nvidia. NVIDIA Announces Financial Results for Third Quarter Fiscal 2026. November 19, 2025.www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1045810/000104581025000228/q3fy26pr.htm
  34. 35
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